(Effective: December 2025 – December 2026) A comprehensive updated guideline for Government & PSU Tendering (GeM + e-Procurement + Manual Tenders) 1. General Principles of Public Procurement Transparency – All tender-related information must be publicly accessible. Fair Competition – Equal opportunity to all eligible bidders. Value for Money (VfM) – Selection must be based on the best combination of cost + quality. Accountability – Every procurement step must be documented. 2. Tender Types in 2025 Open Tender (Most preferred) Limited Tender (Restricted to shortlisted vendors) Single Tender / Nomination Basis (Only with strong justification) Two-Bid / Two-Stage Tender Reverse Auction (RA) – Mandatory on GeM for certain categories BOQ-Based Bidding – For works, services & custom items 3. Eligibility Rules (Updated 2025) PAN, GST, UDYAM / MSME certificate mandatory for participation. MSME Benefits applicable only if: ...
Indeed, while "trust" may seem simple on the surface, its meaning can vary greatly depending on the context and the individuals involved. Here are a few ways in which the meaning of trust can change: 1. Levels of Trust : Trust can exist on a spectrum, ranging from complete confidence to skepticism or distrust. The degree of trust can be influenced by factors such as past experiences, personality traits, and the nature of the relationship. 2. Types of Trust : Trust can manifest in different forms, such as trust in someone's competence (trust in their abilities or skills), trust in their character (trust in their integrity, honesty, and moral principles), or trust in their reliability (trust in their consistency and dependability). 3. Cultural Differences : The concept and expectations of trust can vary across cultures. What constitutes trustworthy behavior in one culture may not be the same in another. Cultural norms, values, and communication styles can all influence ho...